/**** BSIM3v3.2.4, Released by Xuemei Xi 12/21/2001 ****/ /********** * Copyright 2001 Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. * File: b3noi.c of BSIM3v3.2.4 * Author: 1995 Gary W. Ng and Min-Chie Jeng. * Author: 1997-1999 Weidong Liu. * Author: 2001 Xuemei Xi * Modified by Xuemei Xi, 10/05, 12/21, 2001. * Modified bt Paolo Nenzi 2002 and Dietmar Warning 2003 **********/ #include "ngspice/ngspice.h" #include "bsim3v32def.h" #include "ngspice/cktdefs.h" #include "ngspice/iferrmsg.h" #include "ngspice/noisedef.h" #include "ngspice/suffix.h" #include "ngspice/const.h" /* jwan */ /* * BSIM3v32noise (mode, operation, firstModel, ckt, data, OnDens) * This routine names and evaluates all of the noise sources * associated with MOSFET's. It starts with the model *firstModel and * traverses all of its insts. It then proceeds to any other models * on the linked list. The total output noise density generated by * all of the MOSFET's is summed with the variable "OnDens". */ /* Channel thermal and flicker noises are calculated based on the value of model->BSIM3v32noiMod. If model->BSIM3v32noiMod = 1, Channel thermal noise = SPICE2 model Flicker noise = SPICE2 model If model->BSIM3v32noiMod = 2, Channel thermal noise = BSIM3v32 model Flicker noise = BSIM3v32 model If model->BSIM3v32noiMod = 3, Channel thermal noise = SPICE2 model Flicker noise = BSIM3v32 model If model->BSIM3v32noiMod = 4, Channel thermal noise = BSIM3v32 model Flicker noise = SPICE2 model */ /* * The StrongInversionNoiseEval function has been modified in * the release 3.2.4 of BSIM3v32 model. To accomodate both the old * and the new code, I have renamed according to the following: * * * BSIM3v3.2.4 -> StrongInversionNoiseEvalNew * Previous -> StrongInversionNoiseEvalOld * * 2002 Paolo Nenzi */ /* * JX: 1/f noise model is smoothed out 12/18/01. */ static double StrongInversionNoiseEvalNew(double Vds, BSIM3v32model *model, BSIM3v32instance *here, double freq, double temp) { struct bsim3v32SizeDependParam *pParam; double cd, esat, DelClm, EffFreq, N0, Nl; double T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, Ssi; pParam = here->pParam; cd = fabs(here->BSIM3v32cd); esat = 2.0 * pParam->BSIM3v32vsattemp / here->BSIM3v32ueff; if(model->BSIM3v32em<=0.0) DelClm = 0.0; else { T0 = ((((Vds - here->BSIM3v32Vdseff) / pParam->BSIM3v32litl) + model->BSIM3v32em) / esat); DelClm = pParam->BSIM3v32litl * log (MAX(T0, N_MINLOG)); } EffFreq = pow(freq, model->BSIM3v32ef); T1 = CHARGE * CHARGE * 8.62e-5 * cd * temp * here->BSIM3v32ueff; T2 = 1.0e8 * EffFreq * here->BSIM3v32Abulk * model->BSIM3v32cox * pParam->BSIM3v32leff * pParam->BSIM3v32leff; N0 = model->BSIM3v32cox * here->BSIM3v32Vgsteff / CHARGE; Nl = model->BSIM3v32cox * here->BSIM3v32Vgsteff * (1.0 - here->BSIM3v32AbovVgst2Vtm * here->BSIM3v32Vdseff) / CHARGE; T3 = model->BSIM3v32oxideTrapDensityA * log(MAX(((N0 + 2.0e14) / (Nl + 2.0e14)), N_MINLOG)); T4 = model->BSIM3v32oxideTrapDensityB * (N0 - Nl); T5 = model->BSIM3v32oxideTrapDensityC * 0.5 * (N0 * N0 - Nl * Nl); T6 = 8.62e-5 * temp * cd * cd; T7 = 1.0e8 * EffFreq * pParam->BSIM3v32leff * pParam->BSIM3v32leff * pParam->BSIM3v32weff; T8 = model->BSIM3v32oxideTrapDensityA + model->BSIM3v32oxideTrapDensityB * Nl + model->BSIM3v32oxideTrapDensityC * Nl * Nl; T9 = (Nl + 2.0e14) * (Nl + 2.0e14); Ssi = T1 / T2 * (T3 + T4 + T5) + T6 / T7 * DelClm * T8 / T9; return Ssi; } /* * The code for releases: BSIM3V32, BSIM3V322, BSIM3V323 * follows */ static double StrongInversionNoiseEvalOld(double vgs, double vds, BSIM3v32model *model, BSIM3v32instance *here, double freq, double temp) { struct bsim3v32SizeDependParam *pParam; double cd, esat, DelClm, EffFreq, N0, Nl, Vgst; double T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, Ssi; pParam = here->pParam; cd = fabs (here->BSIM3v32cd); /* Added revision dependent code */ if (model->BSIM3v32intVersion < BSIM3v32V323) { if (vds > here->BSIM3v32vdsat) { esat = 2.0 * pParam->BSIM3v32vsattemp / here->BSIM3v32ueff; T0 = ((((vds - here->BSIM3v32vdsat) / pParam->BSIM3v32litl) + model->BSIM3v32em) / esat); DelClm = pParam->BSIM3v32litl * log (MAX (T0, N_MINLOG)); } else DelClm = 0.0; } else { if (model->BSIM3v32em <= 0.0) /* flicker noise modified -JX */ DelClm = 0.0; else if (vds > here->BSIM3v32vdsat) { esat = 2.0 * pParam->BSIM3v32vsattemp / here->BSIM3v32ueff; T0 = ((((vds - here->BSIM3v32vdsat) / pParam->BSIM3v32litl) + model->BSIM3v32em) / esat); DelClm = pParam->BSIM3v32litl * log (MAX (T0, N_MINLOG)); } else DelClm = 0.0; } EffFreq = pow (freq, model->BSIM3v32ef); T1 = CHARGE * CHARGE * 8.62e-5 * cd * temp * here->BSIM3v32ueff; T2 = 1.0e8 * EffFreq * model->BSIM3v32cox * pParam->BSIM3v32leff * pParam->BSIM3v32leff; Vgst = vgs - here->BSIM3v32von; N0 = model->BSIM3v32cox * Vgst / CHARGE; if (N0 < 0.0) N0 = 0.0; Nl = model->BSIM3v32cox * (Vgst - MIN (vds, here->BSIM3v32vdsat)) / CHARGE; if (Nl < 0.0) Nl = 0.0; T3 = model->BSIM3v32oxideTrapDensityA * log (MAX (((N0 + 2.0e14) / (Nl + 2.0e14)), N_MINLOG)); T4 = model->BSIM3v32oxideTrapDensityB * (N0 - Nl); T5 = model->BSIM3v32oxideTrapDensityC * 0.5 * (N0 * N0 - Nl * Nl); T6 = 8.62e-5 * temp * cd * cd; T7 = 1.0e8 * EffFreq * pParam->BSIM3v32leff * pParam->BSIM3v32leff * pParam->BSIM3v32weff; T8 = model->BSIM3v32oxideTrapDensityA + model->BSIM3v32oxideTrapDensityB * Nl + model->BSIM3v32oxideTrapDensityC * Nl * Nl; T9 = (Nl + 2.0e14) * (Nl + 2.0e14); Ssi = T1 / T2 * (T3 + T4 + T5) + T6 / T7 * DelClm * T8 / T9; return Ssi; } int BSIM3v32noise (int mode, int operation, GENmodel *inModel, CKTcircuit *ckt, Ndata *data, double *OnDens) { NOISEAN *job = (NOISEAN *) ckt->CKTcurJob; BSIM3v32model *model = (BSIM3v32model *)inModel; BSIM3v32instance *here; struct bsim3v32SizeDependParam *pParam; char name[N_MXVLNTH]; double tempOnoise; double tempInoise; double noizDens[BSIM3v32NSRCS]; double lnNdens[BSIM3v32NSRCS]; double vgs, vds, Slimit; double T1, T10, T11; double Ssi, Swi; double m; int i; /* define the names of the noise sources */ static char *BSIM3v32nNames[BSIM3v32NSRCS] = { /* Note that we have to keep the order */ ".rd", /* noise due to rd */ /* consistent with the index definitions */ ".rs", /* noise due to rs */ /* in BSIM3v32defs.h */ ".id", /* noise due to id */ ".1overf", /* flicker (1/f) noise */ "" /* total transistor noise */ }; for (; model != NULL; model = model->BSIM3v32nextModel) { for (here = model->BSIM3v32instances; here != NULL; here = here->BSIM3v32nextInstance) { pParam = here->pParam; switch (operation) { case N_OPEN: /* see if we have to to produce a summary report */ /* if so, name all the noise generators */ if (job->NStpsSm != 0) { switch (mode) { case N_DENS: for (i = 0; i < BSIM3v32NSRCS; i++) { (void) sprintf(name, "onoise.%s%s", here->BSIM3v32name, BSIM3v32nNames[i]); data->namelist = TREALLOC(IFuid, data->namelist, data->numPlots + 1); if (!data->namelist) return(E_NOMEM); SPfrontEnd->IFnewUid (ckt, &(data->namelist[data->numPlots++]), NULL, name, UID_OTHER, NULL); /* we've added one more plot */ } break; case INT_NOIZ: for (i = 0; i < BSIM3v32NSRCS; i++) { (void) sprintf(name, "onoise_total.%s%s", here->BSIM3v32name, BSIM3v32nNames[i]); data->namelist = TREALLOC(IFuid, data->namelist, data->numPlots + 1); if (!data->namelist) return(E_NOMEM); SPfrontEnd->IFnewUid (ckt, &(data->namelist[data->numPlots++]), NULL, name, UID_OTHER, NULL); /* we've added one more plot */ (void) sprintf(name, "inoise_total.%s%s", here->BSIM3v32name, BSIM3v32nNames[i]); data->namelist = TREALLOC(IFuid, data->namelist, data->numPlots + 1); if (!data->namelist) return(E_NOMEM); SPfrontEnd->IFnewUid (ckt, &(data->namelist[data->numPlots++]), NULL, name, UID_OTHER, NULL); /* we've added one more plot */ } break; } } break; case N_CALC: m = here->BSIM3v32m; switch (mode) { case N_DENS: NevalSrc(&noizDens[BSIM3v32RDNOIZ], &lnNdens[BSIM3v32RDNOIZ], ckt, THERMNOISE, here->BSIM3v32dNodePrime, here->BSIM3v32dNode, here->BSIM3v32drainConductance * m); NevalSrc(&noizDens[BSIM3v32RSNOIZ], &lnNdens[BSIM3v32RSNOIZ], ckt, THERMNOISE, here->BSIM3v32sNodePrime, here->BSIM3v32sNode, here->BSIM3v32sourceConductance * m); switch( model->BSIM3v32noiMod ) { case 1: case 3: NevalSrc(&noizDens[BSIM3v32IDNOIZ], &lnNdens[BSIM3v32IDNOIZ], ckt, THERMNOISE, here->BSIM3v32dNodePrime, here->BSIM3v32sNodePrime, (2.0 / 3.0 * fabs(here->BSIM3v32gm + here->BSIM3v32gds + here->BSIM3v32gmbs)) * m); break; case 2: case 4: /* Added revision dependent code */ if (model->BSIM3v32intVersion == BSIM3v32V324) { NevalSrc(&noizDens[BSIM3v32IDNOIZ], &lnNdens[BSIM3v32IDNOIZ], ckt, THERMNOISE, here->BSIM3v32dNodePrime, here->BSIM3v32sNodePrime, (m * here->BSIM3v32ueff * fabs(here->BSIM3v32qinv) / (pParam->BSIM3v32leff * pParam->BSIM3v32leff + here->BSIM3v32ueff * fabs(here->BSIM3v32qinv) * here->BSIM3v32rds))); /* bugfix */ } else { /* for all versions lower then 3.2.4 */ NevalSrc(&noizDens[BSIM3v32IDNOIZ], &lnNdens[BSIM3v32IDNOIZ], ckt, THERMNOISE, here->BSIM3v32dNodePrime, here->BSIM3v32sNodePrime, (m * here->BSIM3v32ueff * fabs(here->BSIM3v32qinv / (pParam->BSIM3v32leff * pParam->BSIM3v32leff)))); } break; } NevalSrc(&noizDens[BSIM3v32FLNOIZ], NULL, ckt, N_GAIN, here->BSIM3v32dNodePrime, here->BSIM3v32sNodePrime, (double) 0.0); switch( model->BSIM3v32noiMod ) { case 1: case 4: noizDens[BSIM3v32FLNOIZ] *= m * model->BSIM3v32kf * exp(model->BSIM3v32af * log(MAX(fabs(here->BSIM3v32cd), N_MINLOG))) / (pow(data->freq, model->BSIM3v32ef) * pParam->BSIM3v32leff * pParam->BSIM3v32leff * model->BSIM3v32cox); break; case 2: case 3: vgs = *(ckt->CKTstates[0] + here->BSIM3v32vgs); vds = *(ckt->CKTstates[0] + here->BSIM3v32vds); if (vds < 0.0) { vds = -vds; vgs = vgs + vds; } /* Added revision dependent code */ if (model->BSIM3v32intVersion == BSIM3v32V324) { Ssi = StrongInversionNoiseEvalNew(vds, model, here, data->freq, ckt->CKTtemp); T10 = model->BSIM3v32oxideTrapDensityA * 8.62e-5 * ckt->CKTtemp; T11 = pParam->BSIM3v32weff * pParam->BSIM3v32leff * pow(data->freq, model->BSIM3v32ef) * 4.0e36; Swi = T10 / T11 * here->BSIM3v32cd * here->BSIM3v32cd; T1 = Swi + Ssi; if (T1 > 0.0) noizDens[BSIM3v32FLNOIZ] *= m * (Ssi * Swi) / T1; else noizDens[BSIM3v32FLNOIZ] *= 0.0; } else { /* for all versions lower then 3.2.4 */ if (vgs >= here->BSIM3v32von + 0.1) { Ssi = StrongInversionNoiseEvalOld(vgs, vds, model, here, data->freq, ckt->CKTtemp); noizDens[BSIM3v32FLNOIZ] *= m * Ssi; } else { pParam = here->pParam; T10 = model->BSIM3v32oxideTrapDensityA * 8.62e-5 * ckt->CKTtemp; T11 = pParam->BSIM3v32weff * pParam-> BSIM3v32leff * pow (data->freq, model->BSIM3v32ef) * 4.0e36; Swi = T10 / T11 * here->BSIM3v32cd * here->BSIM3v32cd; Slimit = StrongInversionNoiseEvalOld( here->BSIM3v32von + 0.1, vds, model, here, data->freq, ckt->CKTtemp); T1 = Swi + Slimit; if (T1 > 0.0) noizDens[BSIM3v32FLNOIZ] *= m * (Slimit * Swi) / T1; else noizDens[BSIM3v32FLNOIZ] *= 0.0; } } break; } lnNdens[BSIM3v32FLNOIZ] = log(MAX(noizDens[BSIM3v32FLNOIZ], N_MINLOG)); noizDens[BSIM3v32TOTNOIZ] = noizDens[BSIM3v32RDNOIZ] + noizDens[BSIM3v32RSNOIZ] + noizDens[BSIM3v32IDNOIZ] + noizDens[BSIM3v32FLNOIZ]; lnNdens[BSIM3v32TOTNOIZ] = log(MAX(noizDens[BSIM3v32TOTNOIZ], N_MINLOG)); *OnDens += noizDens[BSIM3v32TOTNOIZ]; if (data->delFreq == 0.0) { /* if we haven't done any previous integration, we need to initialize our "history" variables. */ for (i = 0; i < BSIM3v32NSRCS; i++) { here->BSIM3v32nVar[LNLSTDENS][i] = lnNdens[i]; } /* clear out our integration variables if it's the first pass */ if (data->freq == job->NstartFreq) { for (i = 0; i < BSIM3v32NSRCS; i++) { here->BSIM3v32nVar[OUTNOIZ][i] = 0.0; here->BSIM3v32nVar[INNOIZ][i] = 0.0; } } } else { /* data->delFreq != 0.0, we have to integrate. */ for (i = 0; i < BSIM3v32NSRCS; i++) { if (i != BSIM3v32TOTNOIZ) { tempOnoise = Nintegrate(noizDens[i], lnNdens[i], here->BSIM3v32nVar[LNLSTDENS][i], data); tempInoise = Nintegrate(noizDens[i] * data->GainSqInv, lnNdens[i] + data->lnGainInv, here->BSIM3v32nVar[LNLSTDENS][i] + data->lnGainInv, data); here->BSIM3v32nVar[LNLSTDENS][i] = lnNdens[i]; data->outNoiz += tempOnoise; data->inNoise += tempInoise; if (job->NStpsSm != 0) { here->BSIM3v32nVar[OUTNOIZ][i] += tempOnoise; here->BSIM3v32nVar[OUTNOIZ][BSIM3v32TOTNOIZ] += tempOnoise; here->BSIM3v32nVar[INNOIZ][i] += tempInoise; here->BSIM3v32nVar[INNOIZ][BSIM3v32TOTNOIZ] += tempInoise; } } } } if (data->prtSummary) { for (i = 0; i < BSIM3v32NSRCS; i++) { /* print a summary report */ data->outpVector[data->outNumber++] = noizDens[i]; } } break; case INT_NOIZ: /* already calculated, just output */ if (job->NStpsSm != 0) { for (i = 0; i < BSIM3v32NSRCS; i++) { data->outpVector[data->outNumber++] = here->BSIM3v32nVar[OUTNOIZ][i]; data->outpVector[data->outNumber++] = here->BSIM3v32nVar[INNOIZ][i]; } } break; } break; case N_CLOSE: /* do nothing, the main calling routine will close */ return (OK); break; /* the plots */ } /* switch (operation) */ } /* for here */ } /* for model */ return(OK); }