/*** B4SOI 12/16/2010 Released by Tanvir Morshed ***/ /********** * Copyright 2010 Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. * Authors: 1998 Samuel Fung, Dennis Sinitsky and Stephen Tang * Authors: 1999-2004 Pin Su, Hui Wan, Wei Jin, b3soinoi.c * Authors: 2005- Hui Wan, Xuemei Xi, Ali Niknejad, Chenming Hu. * Authors: 2009- Wenwei Yang, Chung-Hsun Lin, Ali Niknejad, Chenming Hu. * File: b4soinoi.c * Modified by Hui Wan, Xuemei Xi 11/30/2005 * Modified by Wenwei Yang, Chung-Hsun Lin, Darsen Lu 03/06/2009 * Modified by Tanvir Morshed 09/22/2009 * Modified by Tanvir Morshed 12/31/2009 **********/ #include "ngspice/ngspice.h" #include "b4soidef.h" #include "ngspice/cktdefs.h" #include "ngspice/iferrmsg.h" #include "ngspice/noisedef.h" #include "ngspice/suffix.h" #include "ngspice/const.h" /* jwan */ /* * B4SOInoise (mode, operation, firstModel, ckt, data, OnDens) * This routine names and evaluates all of the noise sources * associated with MOSFET's. It starts with the model *firstModel and * traverses all of its insts. It then proceeds to any other models * on the linked list. The total output noise density generated by * all of the MOSFET's is summed with the variable "OnDens". */ /* Channel thermal and flicker noises are calculated based on the value of model->B4SOItnoiMod and model->B4SOIfnoiMod If model->B4SOItnoiMod = 0, Channel thermal noise = Charge based model If model->B4SOItnoiMod = 1, Channel thermal noise = Holistic noise model If model->B4SOItnoiMod = 2, Channel thermal noise = SPICE2 model If model->B4SOIfnoiMod = 0, Flicker noise = Simple model If model->B4SOIfnoiMod = 1, Flicker noise = Unified model */ static double B4SOIEval1ovFNoise( double vds, B4SOImodel *model, B4SOIinstance *here, double freq, double temp) { struct b4soiSizeDependParam *pParam; double cd, esat, DelClm, EffFreq, N0, Nl; double T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, Ssi; pParam = here->pParam; cd = fabs(here->B4SOIcd); esat = 2.0 * here->B4SOIvsattemp / here->B4SOIueff; /* v2.2.3 bug fix */ if(model->B4SOIem<=0.0) DelClm = 0.0; else { T0 = ((((vds - here->B4SOIVdseff) / pParam->B4SOIlitl) + model->B4SOIem) / esat); DelClm = pParam->B4SOIlitl * log (MAX(T0, N_MINLOG)); } EffFreq = pow(freq, model->B4SOIef); T1 = CHARGE * CHARGE * CONSTboltz * cd * temp * here->B4SOIueff; T2 = 1.0e10 * EffFreq * here->B4SOIAbulk * model->B4SOIcox * pParam->B4SOIleff * pParam->B4SOIleff; /* v2.2.3 bug fix */ N0 = model->B4SOIcox * here->B4SOIVgsteff / CHARGE; Nl = model->B4SOIcox * here->B4SOIVgsteff * (1.0 - here->B4SOIAbovVgst2Vtm * here->B4SOIVdseff) / CHARGE; T3 = model->B4SOIoxideTrapDensityA * log(MAX(((N0 + here->B4SOInstar) / (Nl + here->B4SOInstar)), N_MINLOG)); T4 = model->B4SOIoxideTrapDensityB * (N0 - Nl); T5 = model->B4SOIoxideTrapDensityC * 0.5 * (N0 * N0 - Nl * Nl); T6 = CONSTboltz * temp * cd * cd; T7 = 1.0e10 * EffFreq * pParam->B4SOIleff * pParam->B4SOIleff * pParam->B4SOIweff * here->B4SOInf; T8 = model->B4SOIoxideTrapDensityA + model->B4SOIoxideTrapDensityB * Nl + model->B4SOIoxideTrapDensityC * Nl * Nl; T9 = (Nl + here->B4SOInstar) * (Nl + here->B4SOInstar); Ssi = T1 / T2 * (T3 + T4 + T5) + T6 / T7 * DelClm * T8 / T9; return Ssi; } int B4SOInoise ( int mode, int operation, GENmodel *inModel, CKTcircuit *ckt, Ndata *data, double *OnDens) { register B4SOImodel *model = (B4SOImodel *)inModel; register B4SOIinstance *here; struct b4soiSizeDependParam *pParam; char name[N_MXVLNTH]; double tempOnoise; double tempInoise; double noizDens[B4SOINSRCS]; double lnNdens[B4SOINSRCS]; double vgs, vds; double T0, T1, T2, T5, T10, T11; double Ssi, Swi; /* v3.2 */ double npart_theta, npart_beta, igsquare, esat; /* v3.2 end */ double gspr, gdpr; double tempRatioSH, Vdseffovcd; /* v4.2 bugfix */ int i; double m; /* define the names of the noise sources */ static char *B4SOInNames[B4SOINSRCS] = { /* Note that we have to keep the order */ ".rd", /* noise due to rd */ /* consistent with the index definitions */ ".rs", /* noise due to rs */ /* in B4SOIdefs.h */ ".rg", /* noise due to rgeltd, v3.2 */ ".id", /* noise due to id */ ".1overf", /* flicker (1/f) noise */ ".fb_ibs", /* noise due to floating body by ibs */ ".fb_ibd", /* noise due to floating body by ibd */ ".igs", /* shot noise due to IGS, v3.2 */ ".igd", /* shot noise due to IGD, v3.2 */ ".igb", /* shot noise due to IGB, v3.2 */ ".rbsb", /* noise due to rbsb v4.0 */ ".rbdb", /* noise due to rbdb v4.0 */ ".rbody", /* noise due to body contact v4.0 */ "" /* total transistor noise */ }; for (; model != NULL; model = model->B4SOInextModel) { for (here = model->B4SOIinstances; here != NULL; here = here->B4SOInextInstance) { m = here->B4SOIm; pParam = here->pParam; switch (operation) { case N_OPEN: /* see if we have to to produce a summary report */ /* if so, name all the noise generators */ if (((NOISEAN*)ckt->CKTcurJob)->NStpsSm != 0) { switch (mode) { case N_DENS: for (i = 0; i < B4SOINSRCS; i++) { (void) sprintf(name, "onoise.%s%s", here->B4SOIname, B4SOInNames[i]); data->namelist = TREALLOC(IFuid, data->namelist, data->numPlots + 1); if (!data->namelist) return(E_NOMEM); (*(SPfrontEnd->IFnewUid)) (ckt, &(data->namelist[data->numPlots++]), (IFuid) NULL, name, UID_OTHER, NULL); /* we've added one more plot */ } break; case INT_NOIZ: for (i = 0; i < B4SOINSRCS; i++) { (void) sprintf(name, "onoise_total.%s%s", here->B4SOIname, B4SOInNames[i]); data->namelist = TREALLOC(IFuid, data->namelist, data->numPlots + 1); if (!data->namelist) return(E_NOMEM); (*(SPfrontEnd->IFnewUid)) (ckt, &(data->namelist[data->numPlots++]), (IFuid) NULL, name, UID_OTHER, NULL); /* we've added one more plot */ (void) sprintf(name, "inoise_total.%s%s", here->B4SOIname, B4SOInNames[i]); data->namelist = TREALLOC(IFuid, data->namelist, data->numPlots + 1); if (!data->namelist) return(E_NOMEM); (*(SPfrontEnd->IFnewUid)) (ckt, &(data->namelist[data->numPlots++]), (IFuid) NULL, name, UID_OTHER, NULL); /* we've added one more plot */ } break; } } break; case N_CALC: switch (mode) { case N_DENS: /*v4.2 implementing SH temp */ if ((model->B4SOIshMod == 1) && (here->B4SOIrth0 != 0.0)) tempRatioSH = here->B4SOITempSH / ckt->CKTtemp; else tempRatioSH = 1.0; /*v4.2 implementing limit on Vdseffovcd*/ if (here->B4SOIcd != 0) { Vdseffovcd = here->B4SOIVdseff / here->B4SOIcd; if (Vdseffovcd >= 1.0e9) Vdseffovcd = 1.0e9 ; } else Vdseffovcd = 1.0e9; /* if (model->B4SOItnoiMod == 0) *//* v4.0 */ /* v4.2 bugfix: consider tnoiMod = 2*/ if (model->B4SOItnoiMod != 1) { if (model->B4SOIrdsMod == 0) { gspr = here->B4SOIsourceConductance; gdpr = here->B4SOIdrainConductance; } else { gspr = here->B4SOIgstot; gdpr = here->B4SOIgdtot; } } else { esat = 2.0 * here->B4SOIvsattemp / here->B4SOIueff; T5 = here->B4SOIVgsteff / esat / pParam->B4SOIleff; T5 *= T5; npart_beta = model->B4SOIrnoia * (1.0 + T5 * model->B4SOItnoia * pParam->B4SOIleff); npart_theta = model->B4SOIrnoib * (1.0 + T5 * model->B4SOItnoib * pParam->B4SOIleff); /* v4.2 bugfix: implement bugfix from bsim4.6.2 */ if(npart_theta > 0.9) npart_theta = 0.9; if(npart_theta > 0.9 * npart_beta) npart_theta = 0.9 * npart_beta; if (model->B4SOIrdsMod == 0) { gspr = here->B4SOIsourceConductance; gdpr = here->B4SOIdrainConductance; } else { gspr = here->B4SOIgstot; gdpr = here->B4SOIgdtot; } if ( (*(ckt->CKTstates[0] + here->B4SOIvds)) >= 0.0 ) gspr = gspr * (1.0 + npart_theta * npart_theta * gspr / here->B4SOIidovVds); else gdpr = gdpr * (1.0 + npart_theta * npart_theta * gdpr / here->B4SOIidovVds); } NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIRDNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIRDNOIZ], ckt, THERMNOISE, here->B4SOIdNodePrime, here->B4SOIdNode, gdpr * tempRatioSH * m); /* v4.2 self-heating temp */ NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIRSNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIRSNOIZ], ckt, THERMNOISE, here->B4SOIsNodePrime, here->B4SOIsNode, gspr * tempRatioSH * m); /* v4.2 self-heating temp */ /* v4.2 bugfix: implement correct thermal noise model (bsim4.6.0)*/ /* if ((here->B4SOIrgateMod == 1) || (here->B4SOIrgateMod == 2)) */ if (here->B4SOIrgateMod == 1) { NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIRGNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIRGNOIZ], ckt, THERMNOISE, here->B4SOIgNode, here->B4SOIgNodeExt, here->B4SOIgrgeltd * tempRatioSH * m); /* v4.2 self-heating temp */ } else if (here->B4SOIrgateMod == 2) /*v4.2*/ { T0 = 1.0 + here->B4SOIgrgeltd/here->B4SOIgcrg; T1 = T0 * T0; NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIRGNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIRGNOIZ], ckt, THERMNOISE, here->B4SOIgNode, here->B4SOIgNodeExt, here->B4SOIgrgeltd/T1 * tempRatioSH * m); /*v4.2*/ } else if (here->B4SOIrgateMod == 3) { NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIRGNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIRGNOIZ], ckt, THERMNOISE, here->B4SOIgNodeMid, here->B4SOIgNodeExt, here->B4SOIgrgeltd * tempRatioSH * m); /* v4.2 self-heating temp */ } else { noizDens[B4SOIRGNOIZ] = 0.0; lnNdens[B4SOIRGNOIZ] = log(MAX(noizDens[B4SOIRGNOIZ], N_MINLOG)); } if (here->B4SOIrbodyMod) { NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIRBSBNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIRBSBNOIZ], ckt, THERMNOISE, here->B4SOIbNode, here->B4SOIsbNode, here->B4SOIgrbsb * m); NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIRBDBNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIRBDBNOIZ], ckt, THERMNOISE, here->B4SOIbNode, here->B4SOIdbNode, here->B4SOIgrbdb * tempRatioSH * m); /* v4.2 self-heating temp */ } else { noizDens[B4SOIRBSBNOIZ] = 0.0; noizDens[B4SOIRBDBNOIZ] = 0.0; lnNdens[B4SOIRBSBNOIZ] = log(MAX(noizDens[B4SOIRBSBNOIZ], N_MINLOG)); lnNdens[B4SOIRBDBNOIZ] = log(MAX(noizDens[B4SOIRBDBNOIZ], N_MINLOG)); } if (here->B4SOIbodyMod == 1) { NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIRBODYNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIRBODYNOIZ], ckt, THERMNOISE, here->B4SOIbNode, here->B4SOIpNode, tempRatioSH / (here->B4SOIrbodyext + /* v4.2 self-heating temp */ pParam->B4SOIrbody) * m); } else { noizDens[B4SOIRBODYNOIZ] = 0.0; lnNdens[B4SOIRBODYNOIZ] = log(MAX(noizDens[B4SOIRBODYNOIZ], N_MINLOG)); } switch( model->B4SOItnoiMod ) { case 0: NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIIDNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIIDNOIZ], ckt, THERMNOISE, here->B4SOIdNodePrime, here->B4SOIsNodePrime, (here->B4SOIueff * fabs(here->B4SOIqinv / (pParam->B4SOIleff * pParam->B4SOIleff + here->B4SOIueff*fabs (here->B4SOIqinv) * here->B4SOIrds))) * tempRatioSH /* v4.2 self-heating temp */ * model->B4SOIntnoi * m ); break; /* v2.2.3 bug fix */ case 1: T0 = here->B4SOIgm + here->B4SOIgmbs + here->B4SOIgds; T0 *= T0; esat = 2.0 * here->B4SOIvsattemp / here->B4SOIueff; T5 = here->B4SOIVgsteff / esat / pParam->B4SOIleff; T5 *= T5; npart_beta = model->B4SOIrnoia * (1.0 + T5 * model->B4SOItnoia * pParam->B4SOIleff); npart_theta = model->B4SOIrnoib * (1.0 + T5 * model->B4SOItnoib * pParam->B4SOIleff); /*igsquare = npart_theta * npart_theta * T0 * here->B4SOIVdseff / here->B4SOIcd; v4.2 implementing limit on Vdseffovcd*/ igsquare = npart_theta * npart_theta * T0 * Vdseffovcd; T1 = npart_beta * (here->B4SOIgm + here->B4SOIgmbs) + here->B4SOIgds; /*T2 = T1 * T1 * here->B4SOIVdseff / here->B4SOIcd; v4.2 implementing limit on Vdseffovcd*/ T2 = T1 * T1 * Vdseffovcd; NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIIDNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIIDNOIZ], ckt, THERMNOISE, here->B4SOIdNodePrime, here->B4SOIsNodePrime, /* (T2 - igsquare)); */ (T2 - igsquare) * tempRatioSH * m); /* v4.2 self-heating temp */ break; case 2: NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIIDNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIIDNOIZ], ckt, THERMNOISE, here->B4SOIdNodePrime, here->B4SOIsNodePrime, model->B4SOIntnoi * tempRatioSH * /* v4.2 self-heating temp */ (2.0 / 3.0 * fabs(here->B4SOIgm + here->B4SOIgds + here->B4SOIgmbs)) * m); break; } NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIFLNOIZ], (double*) NULL, ckt, N_GAIN, here->B4SOIdNodePrime, here->B4SOIsNodePrime, (double) 0.0); switch( model->B4SOIfnoiMod ) { case 0: if (model->B4SOIw0flk > 0) { /* v4.0 */ noizDens[B4SOIFLNOIZ] *= m * here->B4SOInf * pParam->B4SOIweff/model->B4SOIw0flk * model->B4SOIkf * exp(model->B4SOIaf * log(MAX(fabs(here->B4SOIcd / pParam->B4SOIweff / here->B4SOInf * model->B4SOIw0flk), N_MINLOG))) / (pow(data->freq, model->B4SOIef) * pow(pParam->B4SOIleff, model->B4SOIbf) * model->B4SOIcox); break; } else { noizDens[B4SOIFLNOIZ] *= m * model->B4SOIkf * exp(model->B4SOIaf * log(MAX(fabs(here->B4SOIcd), N_MINLOG))) / (pow(data->freq, model->B4SOIef) * pow(pParam->B4SOIleff, model->B4SOIbf) * model->B4SOIcox); break; } case 1: vgs = *(ckt->CKTstates[0] + here->B4SOIvgs); vds = *(ckt->CKTstates[0] + here->B4SOIvds); if (vds < 0.0) { vds = -vds; vgs = vgs + vds; } /*v4.2 implementing SH temp */ if ((model->B4SOIshMod == 1) && (here->B4SOIrth0 != 0.0)) Ssi = B4SOIEval1ovFNoise(vds, model, here, data->freq, here->B4SOITempSH); else Ssi = B4SOIEval1ovFNoise(vds, model, here, data->freq, ckt->CKTtemp); /*v4.2 implementing SH temp */ /*v4.2 implementing SH temp */ if ((model->B4SOIshMod == 1) && (here->B4SOIrth0 != 0.0)) T10 = model->B4SOIoxideTrapDensityA * CONSTboltz * here->B4SOITempSH; else T10 = model->B4SOIoxideTrapDensityA * CONSTboltz * ckt->CKTtemp; /*v4.2 implementing SH temp */ T11 = pParam->B4SOIweff * here->B4SOInf * pParam->B4SOIleff * pow(data->freq, model->B4SOIef) * 1.0e10 * here->B4SOInstar * here->B4SOInstar ; Swi = T10 / T11 * here->B4SOIcd * here->B4SOIcd; T1 = Swi + Ssi; if (T1 > 0.0) noizDens[B4SOIFLNOIZ] *= m * (Ssi * Swi) / T1; else noizDens[B4SOIFLNOIZ] *= 0.0; break; } lnNdens[B4SOIFLNOIZ] = log(MAX(noizDens[B4SOIFLNOIZ], N_MINLOG)); /* v3.2 for gate tunneling shot noise */ NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIIGSNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIIGSNOIZ], ckt, SHOTNOISE, here->B4SOIgNode, here->B4SOIsNodePrime, (here->B4SOIIgs + here->B4SOIIgcs) * m); NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIIGDNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIIGDNOIZ], ckt, SHOTNOISE, here->B4SOIgNode, here->B4SOIdNodePrime, (here->B4SOIIgd + here->B4SOIIgcd) * m); NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIIGBNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIIGBNOIZ], ckt, SHOTNOISE, here->B4SOIgNode, here->B4SOIbNode, here->B4SOIig * m); /* v3.2 for gate tunneling shot noise end */ /* Low frequency excess noise due to FBE */ /* NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIFBNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIFBNOIZ], ckt, SHOTNOISE, here->B4SOIsNodePrime, here->B4SOIbNode, 2.0 * model->B4SOInoif * here->B4SOIibs); */ /* v4.0 */ NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIFB_IBSNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIFB_IBSNOIZ], ckt, SHOTNOISE, here->B4SOIsNodePrime, here->B4SOIbNode, model->B4SOInoif * here->B4SOIibs * m); /* NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIFB_IBDNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIFB_IBDNOIZ], ckt, SHOTNOISE, here->B4SOIdNodePrime, here->B4SOIbNode, model->B4SOInoif * fabs(here->B4SOIibd)); */ /*v4.2*/ NevalSrc(&noizDens[B4SOIFB_IBDNOIZ], &lnNdens[B4SOIFB_IBDNOIZ], ckt, SHOTNOISE, here->B4SOIdNodePrime, here->B4SOIbNode, model->B4SOInoif * (here->B4SOIibd) * m); /*v4.2 extra fabs()removed */ noizDens[B4SOITOTNOIZ] = noizDens[B4SOIRDNOIZ] + noizDens[B4SOIRSNOIZ] + noizDens[B4SOIRGNOIZ] + noizDens[B4SOIIDNOIZ] + noizDens[B4SOIFLNOIZ] /* + noizDens[B4SOIFBNOIZ] */ + noizDens[B4SOIFB_IBSNOIZ] + noizDens[B4SOIFB_IBDNOIZ] + noizDens[B4SOIIGSNOIZ] + noizDens[B4SOIIGDNOIZ] + noizDens[B4SOIIGBNOIZ] + noizDens[B4SOIRBSBNOIZ] + noizDens[B4SOIRBDBNOIZ] + noizDens[B4SOIRBODYNOIZ]; lnNdens[B4SOITOTNOIZ] = log(MAX(noizDens[B4SOITOTNOIZ], N_MINLOG)); *OnDens += noizDens[B4SOITOTNOIZ]; if (data->delFreq == 0.0) { /* if we haven't done any previous integration, we need to initialize our "history" variables. */ for (i = 0; i < B4SOINSRCS; i++) { here->B4SOInVar[LNLSTDENS][i] = lnNdens[i]; } /* clear out our integration variables if it's the first pass */ if (data->freq == ((NOISEAN*) ckt->CKTcurJob)->NstartFreq) { for (i = 0; i < B4SOINSRCS; i++) { here->B4SOInVar[OUTNOIZ][i] = 0.0; here->B4SOInVar[INNOIZ][i] = 0.0; } } } else { /* data->delFreq != 0.0, we have to integrate. */ for (i = 0; i < B4SOINSRCS; i++) { if (i != B4SOITOTNOIZ) { tempOnoise = Nintegrate(noizDens[i], lnNdens[i], here->B4SOInVar[LNLSTDENS][i], data); tempInoise = Nintegrate(noizDens[i] * data->GainSqInv, lnNdens[i] + data->lnGainInv, here->B4SOInVar[LNLSTDENS][i] + data->lnGainInv, data); here->B4SOInVar[LNLSTDENS][i] = lnNdens[i]; data->outNoiz += tempOnoise; data->inNoise += tempInoise; if (((NOISEAN*) ckt->CKTcurJob)->NStpsSm != 0) { here->B4SOInVar[OUTNOIZ][i] += tempOnoise; here->B4SOInVar[OUTNOIZ][B4SOITOTNOIZ] += tempOnoise; here->B4SOInVar[INNOIZ][i] += tempInoise; here->B4SOInVar[INNOIZ][B4SOITOTNOIZ] += tempInoise; } } } } if (data->prtSummary) { for (i = 0; i < B4SOINSRCS; i++) { /* print a summary report */ data->outpVector[data->outNumber++] = noizDens[i]; } } break; case INT_NOIZ: /* already calculated, just output */ if (((NOISEAN*)ckt->CKTcurJob)->NStpsSm != 0) { for (i = 0; i < B4SOINSRCS; i++) { data->outpVector[data->outNumber++] = here->B4SOInVar[OUTNOIZ][i]; data->outpVector[data->outNumber++] = here->B4SOInVar[INNOIZ][i]; } } break; } break; case N_CLOSE: /* do nothing, the main calling routine will close */ return (OK); break; /* the plots */ } /* switch (operation) */ } /* for here */ } /* for model */ return(OK); }